Priyanga .M
Every Bill that is being passed in the Parliament of India needs the assent of the President in order to be legislated into an Act. Hence, the power of the President to refuse or reject the Bill passed by the Legislature, stating the reasons for such refusal is known as ‘Veto Power’. This power of the President to make her/his choice over a Bill is governed under Article 111 of the Indian Constitution. According to the said provision, when a Bill has been passed by both the Houses of the Parliament, it shall be brought before the President and the President can :-
either accept the Bill or,
withhold and
return the Bill to both the Houses of the Parliament, requesting reconsideration of the Bill to make necessary changes.
There are three Veto Powers which the President of India may exercise. They are:-
Absolute Veto
Suspensive Veto
Pocket Veto
Article 200 of the Indian Constitution:
The Governor shall either give her/his assent or withhold her/his assent or reserve the Bills passed by the Houses of the State Legislature for the President’s consideration. The Governor shall reserve the Bills for the consideration of the President, if she/he finds that it would diminish the powers of the High Court and endanger the position conferred on it by the Constitution .
Article 201 of the Indian Constitution:
When the Governor reserves the Bill for the consideration of the President, the President can either give her/his assent, or withhold her/his assent, directing the Governor to return the Bill to the Houses of the State Legislature for reconsideration. The Houses of the State Legislature are to reconsider the bill within a period of 6 months and after the Bill being passed by the Houses, the Bill may be brought before the President a second time for consideration.
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